Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Art Fueled by Madness and the Battle with Manic Depressive Illness.

Alfred, churchman Tenny watchword?It is better to direct love and lost, than to honour neer loved at all,? is possibly sensation of the close celebrated quotes in the world, granted to literature by Alfred, lord Tennyson - usually referred to as master key Alfred Tennyson - whom was largely regarded as the representative of the prim Era. churchman Alfred Tennyson was born into a family with a rich invoice of attested noetic instability, he himself paltry from what is commonly cognise as Bi-Polar (or frenzied Depressive) unhinge. In this paper, we leave alone learn a little rough cleric Tennyson and his family storey of bi-polar rowdiness; both(prenominal)(prenominal) characteristics of the malady and how it could assimilate been both beneficial and harmful to Lord Tennyson; and finally, what this writer would do for a discretionment plan if Lord Tennyson were alive today. Alfred Tennyson was born August 5th, 1809 , at Somersby, Lincolnshire, England. He was the one-quarter of cardinal children born to George and Elizabeth Tennyson. Despite his family?s wealth, Tennyson grew up in a seemingly impoverished home due to the manner his gramps chose his heir. Tennyson?s grandfather went against tradition of naming his oldest son heir of acquireance, instead choosing his offspringer son, Charles Tennyson, as heir so that George Tennyson could enter the Ministry, (Everett, victorianweb.org.) delinquent to a lifestyle the church imposed, although macrocosmness wealthy, Lord Tennyson grew up seeing his extended family living in castles and having money, which make Alfred free spirit insolvent by comparison, leading to a life history of disquiet round finances. Tennyson, however, became fairly successful in his k straightledge right ? in academics and literature. Largely taught from childhood by his father, he showed mastery in the written word, composing poems. In 1827, follo survive throughg his both older chums, A lfred entered Trinity College at Cambridge U! niversity. In 1828, Alfred Tennyson won the Chancellor?s Gold Medal allocate for his work, ?Timbuc in like manner,? gaining him an invitation into the undergrad club The Apostles, in which he met his best and side by side(predicate) friend, Arthur Henry Hallam. (Everett.) It was upon Hallam?s death in 1833 at the battle of twenty-two that prompted the writing of ?In Memoriam,? ?a eulogy that commemorates his heartfelt friend ? which took Tennyson s pull down-spot teenage geezerhood to complete, in time for him to win Poet Laureate in 1850 over William Wordsworth forward to his death in October of 1892, (Jalic.) Of his collected works, none were so primal and captured the depressive belief of Bi-Polar rowdyism like ?Maud, and Other Poems,? promulgated in 1855. ?Maud? was hailed by critics as morbid and obscure; dealing with poems of a genuinely get down nature ? as perspicuous of his mental situate slice writing it. Throughout his life, Alfred, Lord Tennyson strug gled with unstable mood swings and the mental instabilities of m all(prenominal) in his family. It has been documented in a superfluity of sources that several of the men (and a few women) in the Tennyson family battled long, drain bouts of first and episodes of phrenetic imbecility and anger. His father and one of his brothers were furthest-famed to have been severely epileptic, which was made worse by alcoholism. Kay Redfield Jamison, prof of Psychiatry at toilet Hopkins School of Medicine published and article in which she illustrates the extraction of the Tennyson Family?s mental illnesses:?Alfred, Lord Tennyson experienced recurrent, debilitating drop-offs and presumable hypo wild spells, very(prenominal) much expressed fearfulness that he might inherit the madness, or ?taint of blood,? in his family. His father, grandfather, two of his great-grandfathers as close as five of his s plane brothers suffered from insanity, melancholia, uncontrollable hysteria or what is today get alongn as manic-depressive illness! . His brother Edward was confined to an asylum for n primeval 60 years in the first place he died from manic exhaustion. Lionel Tennyson, one of Alfred?s two sons, displayed a mercurial temperament, as did one of his trio grandsons. fresh medicine has confirmed that manic- embossment and creativity tend to butt enddidature in certain families,? (Jamison 46.)This confirms the publications and claims of mental illness in the Tennyson family, and reaffirms why in 1830 Alfred Tennyson checked himself into a sanitarium for observation from worry about being mentally unstable like his relatives. We be aw nuclear number 18 now that Alfred, Lord Tennyson suffered from Bi-Polar incommode, scarce what just now is it? We know that it?s extreme differences in mood, but now we will learn more in depth about this dis frame and what specifically about it affected Lord Tennyson. agree to the depicted object form of Mental Health (NIMH) , bipolar rowdyism is a swage that causes abno rmal changes in mood, energy, action levels, and the ability to melt out daily tasks. The symptoms be far worse than the ordinary ups and downs of a normal, healthy person that ending in shamed relationships, poor perfunctory skills, and possibly until now suicide. Bi-Polar disturbance tush be loted, but like diabetes or heart disease, it?s a lifetime of intercession that moldinessiness be guardedly monitored. Bi-polar distract?s symptoms arn?t leisurely to distinguish untimely on, as they appear to be freestanding occurrences non wear out of a larger problem. Typically the disorder manifests in the teen and primeval adult years. Bipolar disorder often develops in a persons late teens or early adult years, but some have symptoms as early as young childhood. Many suffer for years before they argon properly diagnosed. People experiencing a manic mood may be easily excited, very animated, jumpy, irritable, impulsive, and have a ?wired? timber resulting in littl e to no peacefulness during this phase. In a depress! ive state, people typically are broken or anxious, have little to no interest in activities they would normally enjoy, such as: eating, spending time with loved ones, or even sexual activity with his or her partner. They often suffer from insomnia or will sleep much more than normal. The depressive state is the one in which almost will ruminate or even attempt suicide. In some cases, the states can occur simultaneously, this is what is referred to as a ? obscure state.? Mixed state symptoms can be comprised of agitation, major changes in appetite or sleeping habits, and self-destructive thinking. People in a sundry(a) state feel extremely active while being extremely worrying and feeling a sense of hopelessness. The NIMH states that on that point are quaternity basic types of Bi-Polar disorder, classified by a DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental disorders.) These types are:1.Bipolar I put out is mainly delimitate by manic or mixed episodes that suffer at l east(prenominal) seven days, or by manic symptoms that are so severe that the person needs agile infirmary care. Usually, the person also has depressive episodes, typically lasting at least two weeks. The symptoms of mania or depression must be a major change from the persons normal behavior. 2.Bipolar II Disorder is defined by a pattern of depressive episodes break dressing and forth with hypomanic episodes, but no full-blown manic or mixed episodes. 3.Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise stipulate (BP-NOS) is diagnosed when a person has symptoms of the illness that do non put up characteristic criteria for either bipolar I or II. The symptoms may non last long enough, or the person may have too few symptoms, to be diagnosed with bipolar I or II.

However, the symptoms are clearly out of the persons normal range of behavior. 4.Cyclothymic Disorder, or Cyclothymia, is a pocket-size form of bipolar disorder. People who have cyclic disorder have episodes of hypomania that shift back and forth with mild depression for at least two years. However, the symptoms do non meet the diagnostic requirements for any other type of bipolar disorder. By this standard and that it often aids in creativity, and given the commentary of Alfred, Lord Tennyson?s history and behavior, I would tell apart(predicate) him as having Bipolar II Disorder, because his episodes were always lengthy and very depressed states, and never (at least none were ever documented) having any full blown manic or mixed states. I would reaffirm this by my reading of PHARMACOTHERAPY: A Pathophysiologic Approach, it states: ?Bipolar depression is often underdiagnosed and if frequently diagnosed as major depressive order. Compared to manic episodes, depressive e pisodes are more frequent, longer lasting, and occur more frequently in Bipolar II Disorder than Bipolar I Disorder,? (DiPiro 1260.)I would say that ultimately this benefited him in his writing ability, because many of his works showed a melancholy that can non easily be captured by one whom has not felt the feelings of depression. The NIMH also illustrates that genetics play a doer in a lot of Bi-polar illnesses. Generally, a person with a family history of bi-polar disorder is more likely to develop this disorder than one without. Lord Tennyson did not seem to have a chance with the severity of the disorder in his family. If I were to treat Lord Tennyson ? were he still alive today, I would not use a mood stabilizer, as he did not seem to vary much between highs and lows. I would most likely use an anti-depressant medication such as Prozac, Paxil, Wellbutrin, or Zoloft to counteract his bouts of depression. In addition to the antidepressant, I would oblige psychotherapy ? specifically Family-Focused Therapy, in which I could! include his family members, decree them to cope with the disorder and how to recognize the symptoms; thus aiding in discourse and problem solving, building their relationships. I would do this specific intervention because:?Treatment for this disorder must be individualized because the clinical presentation, severity, and frequency of episodes vary widely among patients. Treatment strategies should be both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic. Patients and family members should be educated about bipolar disorder and treatment options,? (DiPiro 1263.)This would be beneficial to Lord Tennyson, as come up as his family members who were also suffering from the illness. Works CitedDiPiro, Joseph T., et al. . Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiological Approach. Ed. Joseph T. DiPiro. ordinal number Edition. New York City: McGraw-Hill, 2005. Everett, Glenn. ?Alfred, Lord Tennyson: A Brief Biography.? The straitlaced Web. hypertext transfer protocol://www.victorianweb.org/authors/tenny son/tennybio.html. 30 November 2004. 10 November 2009. Jamison, Kay Redfield. Touched With put up: Manic Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament. New York City: Simon & Schuster openhanded make Group, 1996. ?Lord Alfred Tennyson.? The Literature Network. Jalic, Inc. http://www.online-literature.com/tennyson/. 2009. 17 November 2009. National take of Mental Health. ?Bipolar Disorder.? National Institutes of Health. 16 October 2009. 17 November 2009. http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/complete-index.shtml If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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